ABSTRACT
There is still a lack of effective treatment for radioactive iodine-refractory DTC(RAIR DTC),anaplastic thyroid cancer(ATC)and medullary thyroid cancer(MTC).Once recurrence and metastasis occur,the patient's life is seriously threatened. With the vigorous development of molecular biology of thyroid cancer,many effective molecular targets have been found. Based on one or more targets,molecular targeted drugs underwent clinical trials for the treatment of thyroid cancer,showing good development and application prospects. Sorafenib,vandetanib,lenvatinib and cabozantinib have been approved by FDA for the treatment of advanced thyroid carcinoma. Other molecular targeting inhibitors,such as axitinib and selumetinib,have passed phaseⅡ/Ⅲ clinical trials. The emergence of the drugs provides new choices for the treatment of advanced thyroid cancer and advanced MTC. The drugs have many advantages,such as strong specificity,less side effects and good curative effect,having broad prospects in the treatment of thyroid cancer.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To explore the influence and significance of preeclampsia with different degrees of gestational hypertension on infant hearing.METHODS: Totally 1046 newborns whose mothers had a history of pre-eclampsia with hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy were divided into groups according to the severity of pre-eclampsia and whether they were premature or not from Jan. 2015 to Dec. 2017 in the Forth Hospital of Shijiazhuang.Hearing tests were conducted and compared with newborns whose mothers had no history of pre-eclampsia with hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy.RESULTS: Of the 14 741 infants studied,57 were finally diagnosed with sensorineural hearing loss,with a total abnormality rate of 0.39%(57/14 741).Among them,34 infants with pre-eclampsia without hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy had an abnormality rate of 0.25%.There were 12 infants with mild preeclampsia in their mothers,with an abnormality rate of 1.47%.There were 11 infants whose mothers had severe preeclampsia,with an abnormality rate of 4.76%.There were significant differences between mild group and control group,severe group and control group,and severe group and mild group(P0.05),but there was significant difference between the severe group and the control group,and between the severe group and the mild group(P<0.01 and P<0.05,respectively).CONCLUSION: Premature infants with severe hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy and preeclampsia are at high risk of hearing impairment.The higher the degree of hypertension,the higher the rate of hearing impairment.The emphasis should be put on strengthening the hearing monitoring and follow-up of such children.
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Objective To evaluate in vitro antimicrobial effect of fosfomycin sodium single use and combination with other antimicrobial agents on clinically isolated Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus), Klebsiella pneumoniae (K.pneumoniae) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P.aeruginosa) in China.Methods Combined antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed with checkerboard method, minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were detected by two-fold agar dilution method, susceptibility of S.aureus (n=113 strains), K.pneumoniae (n=108 strains), and P.aeruginosa (n=110 strains) isolated from 18 hospitals in China in recent three years was determined by single and combined antimicrobial susceptibility testing.Results MIC50 value of fosfomycin sodium single use were all≤32 mg/L against all tested strains, regardless of whether strains were resistant to other antimicrobial agents or not.The synergistic rate of fosfomycin sodium with levofloxacin, minocycline, oxacillin, and clindamycin against methicillin-resistant S.aureus (MRSA) was＞43％.Synergistic rate of fosfomycin sodium with levofloxacin and imipenem against imipenem-nonsusceptible P.aeruginosa was＞35％, synergistic rates of fosfomycin sodium with tested antimicrobial agents against imipenem-susceptible P.aeruginosa were all＞35％.Conclusion Fosfomycin sodium still has good antimicrobial activity against common clinical drug-resistant bacteria, such as MRSA, extended-spectrumβ-lactamase-producing K.pneumoniae and so on, it has synergistic effect with many other kinds of antimicrobial agents, suggesting that in the limited treatment of infection caused by drug-resistant bacteria, fosfomycin in combination with other antimicrobial agents may be a useful choice.
ABSTRACT
Apoptosis can be caused by hypoxia, a major factor during ischemic injury, in cardiomyocytes. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis have not yet been fully understood. E2F6, an identified E2F family member, has been demonstrated to repress DNA damage-induced apoptosis in our recent study. However, it is unclear whether E2F6 is involved in hypoxia-induced apoptosis. In this study, we determined the expression property of E2F6 during hypoxia-induced apoptosis in H9c2 cells, a rat ventricular myoblast cell line. The results showed that physical hypoxia and chemical hypoxia-mimetic agents desferrioxamine (DFO) and cobalt chloride (CoCl(2)) induced apoptosis in H9c2 cells. Physical hypoxia- and CoCl(2)-induced apoptosis was accompanied with a downregulation of endogenous E2F6 mRNA expression, but not protein expression. DFO treatment resulted in a significant downregulation of both mRNA and protein expressions of endogenous E2F6. These results suggest that E2F6 may be involved in DFO-induced apoptosis, while it is less sensitive in physical hypoxia- and CoCl(2)-induced apoptosis in H9c2 cells. In addition, the apoptosis induced by DFO may share different pathways from that induced by physical hypoxia and CoCl(2).